Ocean Acidification-Background

Figure 1: Effects of increasing CO2 on ocean carbonate level

     One of the most predictable and measurable consequence of global climate change is ocean acidification, which is projected to have strong negative impacts on organisms that build their skeletons from the various polymorphs of calcium carbonate, including the small sea-snails called Pteropods. This acidification is due, in large part, to anthropogenic (caused by human activity) CO2 emissions into the atmosphere, a significant portion of which is absorbed by our oceans. It has been reported that the ocean absorb as much as 25% of CO2 that is released into the atmosphere (EPOCA report). This is a large amount, given the current rate at which this particular greenhouse gas is being emitted. At this current rate, it is estimated that by the end of this century, oceanic pH will drop by 0.4 (http://www2.cnrs.fr/en/1544.htm). The role of the ocean waters as a carbon sink to ameliorate the rate of global warming will also negatively affect the composition of our marine ecosystem (through ocean acidification) if current rates of emission of CO2 is maintained at business-as-usual (http://www.sciencedaily.com).
At this point, you may be asking yourself, "what's the big deal if the ocean becomes more acidic?".Well, part of the answer to that question is precisely what this blog intend to address. As outlined in the schematic above, increased CO2 mixed with sea water will give rise to carbonic acid and therefore make the ocean slightly more acidic than may be conducive for certain calcifying marine organisms such as Limacina helicina . The decreased carbonate concentration (as a result of increased CO2-Le Chatelier’s principle) will lower the saturation state (Omega) of a major component of these organisms' shell (Aragonite) and thereby decrease the calcification rate/ or accelerate the dissolution rate of their shell because carbonate is a major reactant in this species' shell composition (http://www.terrain.org). Furthermore, the negative effect of ocean acidification has far reaching consequences than just jeopardizing the fitness of calcifying organism (after all, who really is excited about "having L.helcina for dinner?).This zooplanktonic species is an important food source for some of the fishes that society depends on for nutritional and economic reasons. Pink Salmon, for example.

6 comments:

  1. Not exactly sure what your figure is showing. Maybe add arrows indicating the direction of the cycle or add a legend to the figure.

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  2. Thanks Abby for the feedback. I'll incorporate your suggestions in the final draft. Actually, the figure wasn't meant to be a cycle. I was simply trying to show how increased CO2 would lead to low seawater PH which would have a deleterious effect on zooplankton population. Since zooplankton is a primary food source for Salmon, we will see a decrease in Salmon population as a result.

    Does that makes sense ?

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  3. I agree with Abby, that the figure needs to be clarified a little, but other than that you seem to have provided a clear explanation of what the issue is here

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  4. I am not sure if this is just my computer, but there are random new lines in the middle of sentences and it makes it kind of hard to read. Also the figure is a little confusing, but you are already addressing that. At the end of your introduction, you say you will investigate how climate change will effect zooplankton. This is slightly confusing since your blog is about salmon. Overall though, other than a few grammatical errors, I thought this introduction was a well written description of what is going on and what you will be discussing in the rest of your blog.

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  5. I agree with Abby. I'm not sure what your original figure is showing and the layout of the sentences are a little hard to read. Moreover, I think more details on the cues for 'indirect effect on salmon population' tabs would be nice. Some pictures don't go with the information on the tabs. But overall, good job !

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